When an accident occurs at any municipal solid wastes collection, segregation, storage, processing, treatment and disposal facility or landfill site or during the transportation of such wastes, the municipal authority shall forthwith report the accident in Form –V to the Secretary in-charge of the Urban Development Department in metropolitan cities, and to District Collector or Deputy Commissioner in all other cases.
Schedule 1 [ see rules 4(2) and (3) ] Implementation Schedule Sr.
No.
Compliance Criteria Schedule
1. Setting up of waste processing and disposal facilities By 31.12.2003 or earlier
2. Monitoring the performance of waste processing and disposal facilities Once in six months
3. Improvement of existing landfill sites as per provisions of these rules By 31.12.2001 or earlier
4. Identification of landfill sites for future use and making site(s) ready for operation By 31.12.2002 or earlier Schedule –II [ see rules 6(1) and (3), 7(1) ] Management of Municipal Solid Wastes S.
No.
Parameters Compliance criteria
1. Collection of municipal solid wastes
1. Littering of municipal solid waste shall be prohibited in cities, towns and in urban areas The Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 895 notified by the State Governments. To prohibit littering and facilitate compliance, the following steps shall be taken by the municipal authority, namely : -
(i) Organising house-to-house collection of municipal solid wastes through any of the methods, like community bin collection (central bin), house-tohouse collection, collection on regular pre-informed timings and scheduling by using bell ringing of musical vehicle (without exceeding permissible noise levels);
(ii) Devising collection of waste from slums and squatter areas or localities including hotels, restaurants, office complexes and commercial areas;
(iii) Wastes from slaughter houses, meat and fish markets, fruits and vegetable markets, which are biodegradable in nature shall be managed to make use of such wastes;
(iv) Bio-medical wastes and industrial wastes shall not be mixed with municipal solid wastes and such wastes shall follow the rules separately specified for the purpose;
(v) Collected waste from residential and other areas shall be transferred to community bin by hand driven containerised carts or other small vehicles;
(vi) Horticultural and construction or demolition wastes or debris shall be separately collected and disposed off following proper norms. Similarly, wastes generated at dairies shall be regulated in accordance with the State laws;
(vii) Waste (garbage, dry leaves) shall not be burnt.;
(viii) Stray animals shall not be allowed to move around waste storage facilities The Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 896 or at any other place in the city or town and shall be managed in accordance with the State laws.
2. The municipal authority shall notify waste collection schedule and the likely method to be adopted for public benefit in a city or town.
3. It shall be the responsibility of generator of wastes to avoid littering and ensure delivery of wastes in accordance with the collection and segregation system to be notified by the municipal authority as per para 1(2) of this schedule.
2. Segregation of municipal solid wastes In order to encourage the citizens, municipal authority shall organise awareness programmes for segregation of wastes and shall promote recycling or resue of segregated materials. The municipal authority shall undertake phased programme to ensure community participation in waste segregation.
For this purpose, regular meetings at quarterly intervals shall be arranged by the municipal authorities with representatives of local resident welfare associations and nongovernmental organizations.
3. Storage of municipal solid wastes Municipal authorities shall establish and maintain storage facilities in such a manner as they do not create unhygienic and insanitary conditions around it. Following criteria shall be taken into account while establishing and maintaining storage facilities, namely :-
(i) Storage facilities shall be created and established by taking into account quantities of waste generation in a given area and the population densities. A storage facility shall be so placed that it is accessible to users.
(ii) Storage facilities to be set up by municipal authorities or any other agency shall be so designed that wastes stored are not exposed to open The Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 897 atmosphere and shall be aesthetically acceptable and user-friendly;
(iii) Storage facilities or ‘bins’ shall have ‘easy to operate’ design for handling, transfer and transportation of waste Bins for storage of bio-degradable wastes shall be painted green, those for storage of recyclable wastes shall be painted white and those for storage of other wastes shall be painted black;
(iv) Manual handling of waste shall be prohibited. If unavoidable due to constraints, manual handling shall be carried out under proper precaution with due care for safety of workers.
4. Transportation of municipal solid wastes Vehicles used for transportation of wastes shall be covered. Waste should not be visible to public, nor exposed to open environment preventing their scattering. The following criteria shall be met, namely : -
(i) The storage facilities set up by municipal authorities shall be daily attended for clearing of wastes. The bins or containers wherever placed shall be cleaned before they start overflowing;
(ii) Transportation vehicles shall be so designed that multiple handling of wastes, prior to final disposal, is avoided.
5. Processing of municipal solid wastes Municipal authorities shall adopt suitable technology or combination of such technologies to make use of wastes so as to minimize burden on landfill. Following criteria shall be adopted, namely : -
(i) The biodegradable wastes shall be processed by composting, vermicomposting, anaerobic digestion or any other appropriate biological processing for stabilization of wastes.
It shall be ensured that compost or any other end product shall comply with standards as specified in The Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 898 Schedule –IV;
(ii) Mixed waste containing recoverable resources shall follow the route of recycling. Incineration with or without energy recovery including pelletisation can also be used for processing wastes in specific cases.
Municipal authority or the operator of a facility wishing to use other state-ofthe- art technologies shall approach the Central Pollution Control Board to get the standards laid down before applying for grant of authorisation.
6. Disposal of municipal solid wastes Land filling shall be restricted to nonbiodegradable, inert waste and other waste that are not suitable either for recycling or for biological processing. Land filling shall also be carried out for residues of waste processing facilities as well as pre-processing rejects from waste processing facilities. Land filling of mixed waste shall be avoided unless the same is found unsuitable for waste processing.
Under unavoidable circumstances or till installation of alternate facilities, land filling shall be done following proper norms. Landfill sites shall meet the specifications as given in Schedule-III.
The Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 899 Schedule –III [ see rules 6(1) and (3), 7(2)] Specifications for Landfill Sites Site Selection
1. In areas falling under the jurisdiction of ‘Development Authorities, it shall be the responsibility of such Development Authorities to identify the landfill sites and hand over the sites to the concerned municipal authority for development, operation and maintenance. Elsewhere, this responsibility shall lie with the concerned municipal authority.
2. Selection of landfill sites shall be based on examination of environmental issues. The Department of Urban Development of the State or the Union territory shall co-ordinate with the concerned organisations for obtaining the necessary approvals and clearances.
3. The landfill site shall be planned and designed with proper documentation of a phased construction plan as well as a closure plan.
4. The landfill sites shall be selected to make use of nearby wastes processing facility. Otherwise, wastes processing facility shall be planned as an integral part of the landfill site.
5. The existing landfill sites which continue to be used for more than five years, shall be improved in accordance of the specifications given in this Schedule.
6. Biomedical wastes shall be disposed off in accordance with the Bio-medical Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998 and hazardous wastes shall be managed in accordance with the Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989, as amended from time to time.
7. The landfill site shall be large enough to last for 20-25 years.
8. The landfill site shall be away from habitation clusters, forest areas, water bodies, monuments, National Parks, Wetlands and places of important cultural, historical or religious interest.
9. A buffer zone of no-development shall be maintained around landfill site and shall be incorporated in the Town Planning Department’s land use plans.
The Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 900
10. Landfill site shall be away from airport including airbase. Necessary approval for airport or airbase authorities prior to the setting up of the landfill site shall be obtained in cases where the site is to be located within 20 km of an airport or airbase.
Facilities at the Site
11. Landfill site shall be fenced or hedged and provided with proper gate to monitor incoming vehicles or other modes of transportation.
12. The landfill site shall be well protected to prevent entry of unauthorised persons and stray animals.
13. Approach and other internal roads for free movement of vehicles and other machinery shall exist at the landfill site.
14. The landfill site shall have wastes inspection facility to monitor wastes brought in for landfill, office facility for record keeping and shelter for keeping equipment and machinery including pollution monitoring equipments.
15. Provisions like weigh bridge to measure quantity of waste brought at landfill site, fire protection equipments and other facilities as may be required shall be provided.
16. Utilities such as drinking water (preferably bathing facilities for workers) and lighting arrangements for easy landfill operations when carried out in night hours shall be provided.
17. Safety provisions including health inspections of workers at landfill site shall be periodically made.
Specifications for land filling
18. Waste subjected to land filling shall be compacted in thin layers using landfill compactors to achieve high density of the wastes. In high rainfall areas where heavy compactors can not be used, alternative measures shall be adopted.
19. Wastes shall be covered immediately or at the end of each working day with minimum 10 cm of soil, inert debris or construction material till such time waste processing facilities for composting or recycling or energy recovery are set up as per Schedule I.
The Municipal Solid Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000 901
20. Prior to the commencement of monsoon season, an intermediate cover of 40- 65 cm thickness of soil shall be placed on the land-fill with proper compaction and grading to prevent infiltration during monsoon. Proper drainage berms shall be constructed to divert run-off away from the active cell of the landfill.