In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires-
(a) "Media Institution" includes any registered Newspaper Establishment, News Channel Establishment, News-based Electronic Media Establishment or News Station Establishment ;
(b) "Media Person" means a person whose principal avocation is that of a journalist and who is employed as a journalist, either on regular or contract basis, in, or in relation to, one or more media institutions and includes an Editor, Sub-Editor, News Editor, Reporter, Correspondent, Cartoonist, News-Photographer, Television Cameraman, Leader-Writer, Feature Writer, Copy-tester and Proof-Reader, but does not include any such person who-
(i) is employed mainly in a managerial or administrative capacity ; or
(ii) being employed in a supervisory capacity, performs, either by the nature of the duties attached to his office or by reason of the powers vested in him, functions mainly of a managerial nature ;
(c) "Newspaper" means any printed or online periodical work containing public news or comments on public news and includes such other class of printed or periodical work as may, from time to time, be notified in this behalf by the Central Government in the Official Gazette, under the Journalist and other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service) and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1955 (45 of 1955) ;
(d) "News Channel" means a television channel which is registered as news channel with the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India ;
(e) "Newspaper Establishments" means an establishment under the control of any person or body of persons, whether incorporated or not, for the production or publication of one or more newspapers or for conducting any news agency or syndicate.
Explanation.- For the purposes of this clause,-
(i) different departments, branches and centres of newspaper establishments shall be treated as parts thereof ;
(ii) a printing press shall be deemed to be a newspaper establishment if the principal business thereof is to print newspaper;
(f) "News-based Electronic Media" means any news-based electronic media that uses electronic devices for the end user to access the content ;
(g) "News Station" means a television or radio station which produces and broadcasts news;
(h) "offender" means any person, who either by himself or as a member or leader of a group of persons or organization commits or attempts to commit or abets or instigates or provokes the commission of violence under this Act ;
(i) "property" means any property, movable or immovable or equipment or machinery owned by or in possession of any Media Person or Media Institution ;
(j) "violence" means an act, which causes or may cause any harm, injury or endangering the life of any Media Person during the discharge of his duty as a Media Person, or causing damage or loss to the property belonging to any Media Person or Media Institution.