14 MINISTRY OF EN VIRONMENT AND FORESTS NOTIFICATION New Delhi, the 17 June, 2005 S. O. 2151.—WHEREAS the Water Quality Assessment Auihority (WQAA) was constituted by the Central Government vide Order No. S.O. 583 <E) dated the 2911' May, 2001 and No. S.O. 635(E) dated the 27,h October, 2004 to exercise powers under section 5 of the Environment(Protection) Act, 1986(29 of 1986) for issuing directions and tor taking measures with respect to matters referred to in clauses(ix),(xi), (xii) and (xiii) of sub-section(2) of section 3 of the said Act and to standardise method(s) for water quality monitoring and to ensure quality of data generation for utilization thereof and certain other purposes; AND WHEREAS it is necessary and expedient to evolve water quality assessment and monitoring protocol as directed by the Water Quality Assessment Authority in order to maintain uniformity in the procedure for water quality monitoring mechanism by all monitoring agencies, departments, Pollution Control Boards and such other agencies so that water related action plans may be drawn up on the basis of reliable data; AND WHEREAS the uniform process or. water quality monitoring shall provide frequency of monitoring, procedure for sampling, parameters for analysis, analytical techniques, quality assurance and quality control system, infrastructure requirement for laboratories, procedure for data processing, reporting and dissemination and such other matters as the Central Government deems necessary for the said purpose, both for surface and ground water; AND WHEREAS due to the deterioration of the river water quality, health and livelihood of the downstream people are being severely affected and concerns are raised time and again; AND WHEREAS the immediate maintenance and restoration ofwholesomeness' of the river water quality is the mandate under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 ( 6 of 1974) and that of maintenance of the ground water quality hy the Central Ground Water Authority constituted under the provisions of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986; AND WHEREAS sub-rule(4) of rule 5 of the Environment(Protection) Rules, 1986, provides that whenever it appears to the Central Government that it is in public interest to do so, it may dispense with the requirement of notice under clause(a) of suh-rule(3) of the said rules"; AND WHEREAS the Central Government is of the opinion that it is in public interest to dispense with the requirement of notice under ciause(a) of sub-rule(3) of rule 5 of the said rules to issue the Order. NOW, THEREFORE, in exercise of the powers conferred by section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act. 1986, the Central Government hereby makes the following order, namely:- a
1. Short title and commencement.-
(a) This order may be called the Uniform Protocol on Water Quality Monitoring Order, 2005".
(b) It shall come into force on the date of its publication in the Official Gazette.
2. Application.- It shall apply to all organizations, agencies and any other body monitoring surface and ground water quality for observance of uniform protocol on water quality monitoring.
3. Definitions.- In this Order, unless the context otherwise requires,-
(1) "agencies" means water quality monitoring agencies(government or non-government, local bodies) and other organizations including research and academic institutions involved in water quality monitoring of surface and ground waters;
(2) "Authority" means the Water Quality Assessment Authority (WQAA) constituted under sub-sections (1) and (2) of section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act. 1986;
(3) "Baseline stations" means the monitoring location where there is no influence of human activities on water quality;
(4) "Flux stations or Impact stations" means the location for measuring the mass of particular pollutant on main river stem for measuring the extent of pollution due to human interference or geological feature at any point of time and is necessary for measuring impact of pollution control measures adopted;
(5) "monitoring" means standardised measurements of identified parameters in order to define status and trends of water quality;
(6)"protocol" means a system of uniform water quality monitoring mechanism developed by Ihe Water Quality Assessment Authority constituted under sub-sections (1) and (3) of section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986;
(7) ''Quality Assurance Programme" means a programme described in paragraph 12 of this Order.
(8) "Trend station" means the monitoring location designed to show how a particular point on a watercourse varies over time due, normally, to the influence of man's activities;
(9) "water quality monitoring network" means a systematic planning for collection, preservation and transportation, storage, analysis of water samples and dissemination of data for national water bodies restricted to surface and ground water in the country. 4 Monitoring station and frequency of sampling.- IV
(1) The frequency of sampling in respect of surface water shall be as follows:-
(a) all the stations shall be a combination of Baseline, Trend and Flux or Impact stations.
(b) the Baseline stations shall be monitored four times a year for perennial rivers and lakes and three to four times a year for seasonal rivers. Trend stations shall be monitored with an increased frequency of once in a month i.e. twelve times in a year. l-'lux or Impact stations shall be monitored twelve to twenty-four times in a year depending upon pollution potential or importance of water use.
(c) all agencies shall follow the sampling frequency and parameters for analysis of surface water as mentioned in the Table-I given below:- Table-I Frequencies and parameters for analysis of surface water samples r ' •; T" ; Tyni nl Station -j __ frequency !| rotameters Baseline Perennial rivers and | (A) Pre-monsoun: Oncea year Lakes: Hour times a year (seasonal) Seasonal rivers: \i Analyse 2b parameters as lisicil below: 8
3. («)Cenenil Colour, odour, (eniperaiuie, pH. Hlectrical Comluciivity (EQ, Dissolved i| Oxygen ;DOj, Turbidity, Tola'. Dissolved Solid iTDSj p (b) Nutrients Ammoniacal NiinjgenfNH, N), Nitrite & Nitrate Nitrogen (NO; - NOv, : 14 times (.-.l eqi.al •; Total Phosphate ;Tc:al ?) Spacing) during flow s period.
(c)Dcntand parameters: Biologicai Oxygen Demand (BOI>;. Chemical Oxygen | Demand (COD) Ukc:
(il)Major ions Sodium I'NE). Potassium (K). Calcium (Ca), Ivlagncsi'jm (Mg), j 4 lines a year (seasonal; Carbonate ((.'Oi. Bicarbonate (HCOji, Chloride (CI), Sulphate (SO*, £e)Othcr inorganic. Fluonde (P;, Bcrcn (ii) and other location specific parameter, if any ij I \
(f)Mkrybiolcigical: Touif colibrm anc hV.eoal Colifcrm i I (FJ)liesi of the year (after the pre-nonsoon sampling) a; every three months' interval. j I Analyse ;0 parameters: Colour, Odour, Teir.peratuie, pll, EC, DO, NO : * N0„ DOD. I i Total gohform and Faecal Coliform. | | Trend ci Impact oi j Once even- month starting ;j (A)Pie-itnniMHiii Analyse 23parametersas listwl (or baseline inomioring a Flu* i April-May iprc-morsooi'.), i c. '• 12 Times a year (B)Olher months : Ar?!yse 15 jarameters as hr.ed ,>elo\v •I
(a)General Colour; Odour. Temp, pH. EC. DO ) and TiK'b'dity i (IriNuli inits NHi-N, NO; - NO., Total P |i |e)Organie Matter: SOD, COD j (il)Majoi ions CI ;' (e)Mkrobiologieal: Total anc Faeoal colifonr.- (C)Micru pollutant Qnee in a year' pre monsoon :l
(i)Pesticittes-Arpha Beitteiielexachlcrice(BHC), 0=ta 31IC, CamaBHC (Lindane). OP-Dichloiodi|>l'eciyiltii;hlor<ielluiiie (OP-DDT). PP-DDT, Alpha Endosulohan, Seta Kndosulphan, Aldrin, Dieldrin, Carbaiyl (Carbamate), Malatli -iii. Methyl I'aral rian, Amlophos, Chloropyriplios
(ii)Toxic Metals-Arsenic (As), Cudmium (Cd), \1ctciry (Mg), Zinc (Zn), Chromium (Cr). :f Uad (fbi. Nickel (Ni), Iron (Fe) (The parameters may be selected teed on local need).
Note: (i) The parameters mentioned in the above Table shall be the minimal requirement. This docs not, however, restrict analysis of more parameters depending upon the specific requirements of the analysing agency and its manpower availability.
(ii) For lakes or reservoirs, monitoring of additional parameters, like total Kjeldhal Nitrogen, Chlorophyll, total Plankton count and productivity, shall be included in the list of parameters.
(iii) If biomonitoring is done in river or lakes or reservoirs, additional specific parameters arc to oe consiucico.
(2) Ground Water The frequency of sampling in respect of ground water shall be as follows:
(a) all stations shall be classified as Baseline stations.
(b) 20-25 % of Baseline stations shall be classified as Trend stations where there is a pci'CciVcu problem.
(c) all agencies shall follow the sampling frequency and parameters for analysis of ground water as mentioned in the Table-2 given below:- Table -2 Frequencies and parameters for analysis of Ground Water samples ;jMiTj'j>c_of_Station 1 Baseline i,^xzxz~~v--:-r^ :.^Z*'.~z~:—.-i.~/-x Frequency •{ Parameters ™ : ; - J J . : X X : . ; ~ , : , : / Twice a year ~r (Pre and Post monsoon seasca) (A) Pre and Post Monsomi Season: Analyse 20 paramcteis as listed below:-
(a) General: Colmii, odour, temperature, pH, EC, TDS
(b) Nutrients: N02 - N03, orthophosphate
(c) Demand Parameter: COD
(d) Major Ions: Na+. K+, Ca*+, Mg+-. C03". HC03\ Cl\ S04"' %Na & SAK
(c) Other inorganics: F, B and oilier location-specific parameter, if any Trend Twice a year | (A) April-May: Analyse 20 parameters as listed for Baseline monitoring. 3 (B^ Oilier limes* Annlysp. 14 nRHnnprpn as tiered belO'r:- Hc«£4p/cJt>S" file:///1ctciry IS mon.soon) 10 General Colour, odour, temp, EC, ?H. TDS, %Na & SAR
(a) Nutrients: N02+N03. urthophosphate
(b) Demand parameter: COD
(c) Major ioiis: Ct"
(d) Other inorganics: (•'.K
(e) Microbiological: Total colifoir.i and faecalcoliform (C) Mraopollutanc (parameters may be selected based or. local need)
(2) Pesticides - Alpha BHC, Reta, HHC, Gama BHC (Lindane), OP-DDT, PP-DDT, Alpha Endosulpliap., Beta Endnsulphmn, Aldrin, Picldrtn, 2, 4-D, Carbaryl (Carbamate), Malalliian, Methyl, Parathian, Amlphos, Chloropyriahos. (.1) Toxic Mctals-As. Cd, Hg, Zn, Cr, PB, Ni, Fe (Pesticides and Toxic metals may be analysed once a year in pre tiionsix:-'! en selected !ocattorts).
Note:- (i) The parameters mentioned in the above Table shall be the minimal requirement. This does not, however, restrict analysis of more parameters depending upon the specific requirements oi the analysing agency and its manpower availability.
(ii) If Chemcial Oxygen Demand(COD) value exceeds 20 mg/1, the sample shall be analysed for Biochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD) also.
5. Sample Collection.
(i) The procedure for sample coilection in respect of surface water shall be. as under:
(a) samples for Baseline and Trend stations shall be collected from well-mixed section of the river or main stem 30 cm below the water surface using a Dissolved Oxygen (DO) sampler or weighted bottle.
(b) samples for Impact stations shall be collected from the point of interest, such as bathing ghat, down stream of point discharge, water supply intakes and other sources.
(c) [he Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in the sample shall be fixed immediately after collection and Dissolved Oxygen (DO) analysis shall be done either in the field or in laboratory.
(2) The procedure for sample collection in respect of ground water shall be as under:
(a) open dug wells, which are not in use or have been abandoned, shall not be considered as water quality monitoring station. However, such well could be considered for water level monitoring.
(b) weighted sample bottle to collect sample from an open well about 30 em below the surface of water may be used- The plastic bucket, which is likely to skim the surface layer only, shall not be used. 19 (c ) samples from the production tube wells shail be collected after running the well for aboul five minutes.
(d) non-production piezometers shall be purged using a submersible pump. The purged water volume shall equal 4 to 5 limes the standing water volume, before sample is collected.
(e) for bacteriological samples, when collected from tube wells or hand pump, the spout or outlet of the pump shall be sterilized under flame by spirit lamp before collection .of sample in container.
6. Sample preservation and transportation.
(1) The type of containers and sample preservation to be adopted shall be as mentioned in the Tahle-3 below: Tablc-3 1 Analysis General BOD COD, NH3, NO?, NO? Col if arm DO Huoride n i Pesticides Toxic metals • ) Container Glass. PE Glass, PI: Glass. P£ Glass, PH. Sterilised BOD bottle PE ^ • " * i . , . . Glass, Teflon Glass, PE 3 Preservation 4"C, dark 4-C. carl; H2S04j PH<2 4IJC, dark IX) fixing chemicals Nunc !'-. (! 1 i c 4"C, dark HN03, PH<2
(2) Samples shall be transported to concerned laboratory as soon as possible, preferably within forty-eight hours of collection.
(3) Analysis for coliforms shall be started within twenty'four hours of collection of sample. If time is exceeded, ii should be recorded with the result. <"i\ C . ™ . . i . , . . „ ^ « * ~ . " „ : , . ^ . „ : — ^ - „ » „ „ . / i __.....] i „ . . „ i - L - . . 4 J L . .» i - * <0 -̂> i analyzed as soon as possible. If the concentration is of mg/l level, it ean be stored for up to 6 months, except mercury, for which the limit is 5 weeks.
(5) Sample Identification for the water sample analysis for surface and ground water samples shall be as mentioned in the Form-! and Form-II.
7. Sample records.
(1) Each laboratory shall have a bound register, which shall be used for registering samples as they are received. A format for sample receipt register is annexed as Form-III .
(2) The laboratory Incharge shall maintain a register for assignment of work to specific analyst.
8. Analytical techniques. Each agency shall follow the analytical techniques prescribed in the Standard Methods for Analysis of Water and Wastewater published by American Public Health Association(Latest Edition) or Bureau of Indian Standards(BlS) Methods for Testing Water and Was'tcwatcr-methods of sampling and testing(physical and chemical) (IS:3025)
9. Analysis records and data validation. A recommended formal for recording data including all parameters except toxic metals and trace organics is enclosed as Form - IV. Report of heavy metals and trace organics as per Table 2 may be recorded separately. Validation checks should be performed in the laboratory on completion of ihc analysis. The results of laboratory analyses shall be entered in the formal provided in Form - II for validation.
10. Manpower requirements in laboratories. The manpower requirements shall be optimised by the concerned monitoring agencies in order lo get the maximum utilization of mandays, for timely completion of analysis.
11. Data Processing, Reporting.and Dissemination. Each monitoring agency shall process the analytical data and report the data after validation to the Data Centre at the Central Pollution Control Board. The Central Pollution Control Board shall store the data and disseminate through website or electronic mini to vuiiuus uacih un demand.
12. Quality Assurance and Accreditation of Laboratories. The Quality Assurance Programme for the laboratories of various agencies shall contain a set of operating principles, written down and agreed upon by the organization, delineating specific functions and responsibilities of each person involved. Each laboratory of water quality monitoring agencies shall follow the guidelines of Qualify Assurance Programme prescribed by their respective Central Laboratory or Headquarters and shall participate in Inter Laboratory Quality Assurance Programme like Proficiency Testing (PT) organized by them or any other agency on regular basis. The Water Quality Laboratories shall seek recognition from the Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India or accreditation from National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL) under the Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India. ' [F. No.15011/8/2004-NRCD] M.SENGUPTA, Adviser 21 FORM-l Sample identification for surface water samples analysis and record. Observer : Agency Date Time Parameter code
(1) General
(2) Bacteriology
(3) BOD ( 4 ) C 0 D , N H s . N G j
(5) Toxic Metals
(6) Trace Organ ics Station code Container G as.s I'VC Water 0 River 0 Drain I) Canal ORcservoii (lakes/lank/pond) Sample type Sample device Point 0 Main current 0 Right bank 0 1 .eft bank OGrab OTime 0 weighted bottle Temp "C Odour Code I'll
(i) Odour free ( (2! Rotten eggs {
(3) Burnt sugar (8
(4) Soapy (
(5) Fishy (!( Weather Water.vel. M/s Water use Sample code Project PE Tel- Prcservalion None Cool Acid Oilier Treatment None Decant . . Filter" Source of sample Approac 0 Bridge 0 Boat" 0 Wadir h 1 V 0 0 0 0 edium Water Suspended matter Biota Sediment Matrix 0 Fresh 0 Brackish OSalt 0 Effluent comp 0 Flow-comp 0 Depth-iuieg 0 Widtli-iriteg 0 Pump 0 Depth sampler Field determinations 6) Septic 7) Aromatic ) Chlorinous 9) Alcoholic )) Unpleasant liC micromhos/cm Colour code DO mg/l
(1) Light brown (6) Dark green
(2) Brown (7) Ciear
(3) Dark brown (8) Other
(4) Light green (specify)
(5) Green Remarks 0 Sunny 0 Cloudy 0 Rainy 0 Windy 0 High ( (1 Noi OMe 1C 01 >0.5) 0 Medium (0.1-0.5) 0Lo\v(<0.1) 0 Standing 0 Cultivation 0 (lathing & washing 0 Catr.le washing /vegetable farming in riverbed. 0 Organised water supply he^ ex F(*r-d 22 FORM-II Sample identification for ground water samples. Samp Observer | Agency E code I Project D;iic Time Station code Source of sample- 0 Open ring well 0 Hand pump 0 Tube well 0 Piezometer Parameter code (I) General (21 Bacterlogical
(3) 1SOO
(4) COP, KHj, NO,
(5)Toxic Metals.
(6)Tr. Qrganics Container Glass PVC | PE | Tef lon Preservation None Cool Acirl i ! Field determinations Temp °C Odour Code PH il) Odour tree (rj) Septic
(2) Rotten eggs (7) Aromatic i 3) Burnt sugar 18) Chlonnous
(4) Soapy (9) Alcoholic
(5) Fisay ! 101 Unpleasant - Diameter Depth Sialic water level (avg) Water column (D-SWl Initial volume well .) Projected pump discharge Projected lime of purging fV/PQ) EC microir.no/cm Colour code IF WELL IS PURGED. COMPLETE BELOW:- Q Office Well Data D SWL H V PQ PPT Field Flow Measurement Static water level on arrival Actual pump selling Purging duration Pump Discharge before sampling Pump Discharge after sampling Volume purged Dynamic water level SWL Q - — Q • V DW1. Field Chemical Measurement Time ai start of sampling stiirted -i-ltj min +20 miu +50 min T , " 0 +40 min EC (micromho/cm) Other Treatment None DO mg/ (11 Light brown
(2) Browr
(3) Dark brown
(4) Light green
(5) Green ~p a m 1 ni I m ! L L/s mm M 1 m I Min L/iuin L/min L M Pll - Dscan I Filter 6) Dark green 7) Clear ;8) Oilier (specify) http://microir.no/cm 75 F0RM-1II Sample Record for Analysis D at e/ T im e re ce iv ed at l ab . 1 D at e/ T im e co lle ct ed S ta tio n co de 2 3 Pr oj ec t 4 C ol le ct in g ag en cy / co ll ec to r 5 <3 O 6 •— i 8 03 0* 7 L ab . S am pl e N o. 8 Sample receipt register Note:- Column 3 gives the station code .conventionally followed by the monitoring agency. Column (4) gives the project under which the sample is collected. Column (7) corresponds to the parameter^) code given in the sample identification form. Column (8) gives the laboratory sample assigned to the sample as it is received in the laboratory. Note that the numbering has two parts separated by a hyphen. The first part is assigned in a sequential manner as samples are received from various stations. If two samples are collected at the same time from a station for different sets of analysis, the first part of the number is the same. The second part corresponds to the parameter code as given in the sample. The results of the analyses of all the samples having the same first part of the code would be entered in the dala entry system as one sample having the same station code and time of sample collection one—iC/Â n sooi—QKS^non — - ,. <*- OS s o £ ! * esssi J* Si 4k 9* -4 i - -o s IA a VI Ca" meq/l Vlo ',meq/l Na\ meq/l K" meq/l meq' Total 1 ealtnns Ct. meq/l SO,, meq/l CO,, meq/l IICOJ, meq'l N0,+NO3, meq/l Total anions meq/i my
(17)141 )+(47) ('••)/(42)
(12)/<II) (17./II8) I s g Lafc sample No. Siarion code Car ions Anions Ion balance 1 U3/&C Ratio BOD/COD Ratio EH, Vs. Alkalinity- Ratio COX bal Verification criteria Checked liy| Remarks; -
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6. i7'
6.
9.
10. 1 1 . PH EC, micromohs'em DC, mg/l Temp . ' c Colour, code Odour. code pH EC, umrio/cm
12. TDS.mg/i
13.
14. 15
1S.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29. 'so.
31.
32. |M.
34.
35.
36. TSS, mg/ l NH,, mg N/l NO,, N03 , mg N/i To ta l , mg/l BOD. mg/l COD, mg/l Pher,, mg C.COJI Total, mg CaCO;/l Total, mg caco3/i C„++, mg C,CO,'l C a " , mg/l M g " , mg/l Na*, mg/L K', mg/l Cr, mg/l SO t.mg/L C03. mg/l HCOj, mg/l Si, mg/l F. mg/l B,mg/I Total, MPN/100 ml Pascal, MPN/160ml Chlorophyli-A, mg/i Date of collection Field determination General Nutrierts Org matter A%alir.:y Hardness Majo- ions Other inorganics Colrforms Biol K